Gastric band is safe and effective at three years in a national study subgroup of non-morbidly obese patients

Aim To analyze the 3-year outcomes of lower body mass index (BMI) (<35 kg/m2) adjustable gastric band (AGB) recipients across multiple sites in the French health insurance system. Methods From prospectively collected data on a cohort of 517 morbidly obese Swedish Adjustable Gastric Band® (SAGB) patients (Clinical Trials Web database, #NCT01183975), a retrospective analysis of a subgroup of 29 low-BMI patients was conducted. Patients had a severe obesity-related comorbidity, had undergone a prior bariatric procedure requiring reintervention, or had a maximum adult BMI≥40. Safety (mortality, adverse events) and effectiveness (BMI change, excess weight loss [EWL, %], total body weight loss [%TBWL], quality of life [QoL], and comorbidities) were evaluated. Results Multiple surgical teams/sites enrolled patients and performed SAGB procedures between September 2, 2007 and April 30, 2008. Of 29 low-BMI patients (mean age, 41.3 ± 10.3 years), 89.7% were female, and obesity duration was 13.6 ± 7.3 years. Mean BMI was 31.5 ± 3.7; there were 37 comorbidities in 15/29 patients. At 3-year follow-up, BMI was 29.4 ± 4.9 (mean change, -2.3 ± 6.2; P = 0.069); total cohort EWL, 7.3 ± 74.8%; TBWL, 6.2 ± 18.8%; BMI≥30 to <35 EWL, 38.8 ± 48.0%; there were 7 comorbidities in 15/29 patients (P < 0.031). There were 20 adverse events in 13 patients (44.8%); SAGBs were retained in 25/29 (86.2%) at 3 years. Conclusions In a retrospective analysis of a subgroup of BMI<35 kg/m2 patients, some following a prior bariatric procedure, SAGB was found to be safe and effective at 3-year follow-up

Hidden hazards of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in hospitals: a systematic review

Despite their considerable prevalence, dynamics of hospital-associated COVID-19 are still not well understood. We assessed the nature and extent of air- and surface-borne SARS-CoV-2 contamination in hospitals to identify hazards of viral dispersal and enable more precise targeting of infection prevention and control. PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Medrxiv, and Biorxiv were searched for relevant articles until June 1, 2021. In total, 51 observational cross-sectional studies comprising 6258 samples were included. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in one in six air and surface samples throughout the hospital and up to 7.62 m away from the nearest patients. The highest detection rates and viral concentrations were reported from patient areas. The most frequently and heavily contaminated types of surfaces comprised air outlets and hospital floors. Viable virus was recovered from the air and fomites. Among size-fractionated air samples, only fine aerosols contained viable virus. Aerosol-generating procedures significantly increased (ORair = 2.56 (1.46–4.51); ORsurface = 1.95 (1.27–2.99)), whereas patient masking significantly decreased air- and surface-borne SARS-CoV-2 contamination (ORair = 0.41 (0.25–0.70); ORsurface = 0.45 (0.34–0.61)). The nature and extent of hospital contamination indicate that SARS-CoV-2 is likely dispersed conjointly through several transmission routes, including short- and long-range aerosol, droplet, and fomite transmission